Two weeks back I wrote about how the Industrial Revolution had been propelled by a bunch of hardware (energy, materials) and software innovations (people and their skills). On the software side, the Japanese management principles pioneered by Toyota Motor Company formed the predominant stack that has powered efficiency and scale in the world of manufacturing (and now, fittingly, even software development)! But the world has moved from the Industrial to the Knowledge Era. An era which needs different hardware (computers, smartphones, the internet) and software. Now there are various aspects to this ‘software’ of knowledge work, but they can be divided into …